15-6-201. Exempt categories. (1) The following categories of property are exempt from taxation:
     (a) except as provided in 15-24-1203, the property of:
     (i) the United States, except:
     (A) if congress passes legislation that allows the state to tax property owned by the federal government or an agency created by congress; or
     (B) as provided in 15-24-1103;
     (ii) the state, counties, cities, towns, and school districts;
     (iii) irrigation districts organized under the laws of Montana and not operating for profit;
     (iv) municipal corporations;
     (v) public libraries; and
     (vi) rural fire districts and other entities providing fire protection under Title 7, chapter 33;
     (b) buildings, with land that they occupy and furnishings in the buildings, that are owned by a church and used for actual religious worship or for residences of the clergy, together with adjacent land reasonably necessary for convenient use of the buildings;
     (c) property used exclusively for agricultural and horticultural societies, for educational purposes, and for nonprofit health care facilities, as defined in 50-5-101, licensed by the department of public health and human services and organized under Title 35, chapter 2 or 3. A health care facility that is not licensed by the department of public health and human services and organized under Title 35, chapter 2 or 3, is not exempt.
     (d) property that is:
     (i) owned and held by an association or corporation organized under Title 35, chapter 2, 3, 20, or 21;
     (ii) devoted exclusively to use in connection with a cemetery or cemeteries for which a permanent care and improvement fund has been established as provided for in Title 35, chapter 20, part 3; and
     (iii) not maintained and operated for private or corporate profit;
     (e) property that is owned or property that is leased from a federal, state, or local governmental entity by institutions of purely public charity if the property is directly used for purely public charitable purposes;
     (f) evidence of debt secured by mortgages of record upon real or personal property in the state of Montana;
     (g) public museums, art galleries, zoos, and observatories that are not used or held for private or corporate profit;
     (h) all household goods and furniture, including but not limited to clocks, musical instruments, sewing machines, and wearing apparel of members of the family, used by the owner for personal and domestic purposes or for furnishing or equipping the family residence;
     (i) truck canopy covers or toppers and campers;
     (j) a bicycle, as defined in 61-1-123, used by the owner for personal transportation purposes;
     (k) motor homes;
     (l) all watercraft;
     (m) motor vehicles, land, fixtures, buildings, and improvements owned by a cooperative association or nonprofit corporation organized to furnish potable water to its members or customers for uses other than the irrigation of agricultural land;
     (n) the right of entry that is a property right reserved in land or received by mesne conveyance (exclusive of leasehold interests), devise, or succession to enter land with a surface title that is held by another to explore, prospect, or dig for oil, gas, coal, or minerals;
     (o) (i) property that is owned and used by a corporation or association organized and operated exclusively for the care of persons with developmental disabilities, persons with mental illness, or persons with physical or mental impairments that constitute or result in substantial impediments to employment and that is not operated for gain or profit; and
     (ii) property that is owned and used by an organization owning and operating facilities that are for the care of the retired, aged, or chronically ill and that are not operated for gain or profit;
     (p) all farm buildings with a market value of less than $500 and all agricultural implements and machinery with a market value of less than $100;
     (q) property owned by a nonprofit corporation that is organized to provide facilities primarily for training and practice for or competition in international sports and athletic events and that is not held or used for private or corporate gain or profit. For purposes of this subsection (1)(q), "nonprofit corporation" means an organization that is exempt from taxation under section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code and incorporated and admitted under the Montana Nonprofit Corporation Act.
     (r) the first $15,000 or less of market value of tools owned by the taxpayer that are customarily hand-held and that are used to:
     (i) construct, repair, and maintain improvements to real property; or
     (ii) repair and maintain machinery, equipment, appliances, or other personal property;
     (s) harness, saddlery, and other tack equipment;
     (t) a title plant owned by a title insurer or a title insurance producer, as those terms are defined in 33-25-105;
     (u) timber as defined in 15-44-102;
     (v) all trailers as defined in 61-1-111, semitrailers as defined in 61-1-112, pole trailers as defined in 61-1-114, and travel trailers as defined in 61-1-131;
     (w) all vehicles registered under 61-3-456;
     (x) (i) buses, trucks having a manufacturer's rated capacity of more than 1 ton, and truck tractors, including buses, trucks, and truck tractors apportioned under Title 61, chapter 3, part 7; and
     (ii) personal property that is attached to a bus, truck, or truck tractor that is exempt under subsection (1)(x)(i); and
     (y) motorcycles and quadricycles.
     (2) (a) For the purposes of subsection (1)(e), the term "institutions of purely public charity" includes any organization that meets the following requirements:
     (i) The organization qualifies as a tax-exempt organization under the provisions of section 501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code, as amended.
     (ii) The organization accomplishes its activities through absolute gratuity or grants. However, the organization may solicit or raise funds by the sale of merchandise, memberships, or tickets to public performances or entertainment or by other similar types of fundraising activities.
     (b) For the purposes of subsection (1)(g), the term "public museums, art galleries, zoos, and observatories" means governmental entities or nonprofit organizations whose principal purpose is to hold property for public display or for use as a museum, art gallery, zoo, or observatory. The exempt property includes all real and personal property reasonably necessary for use in connection with the public display or observatory use. Unless the property is leased for a profit to a governmental entity or nonprofit organization by an individual or for-profit organization, real and personal property owned by other persons is exempt if it is:
     (i) actually used by the governmental entity or nonprofit organization as a part of its public display;
     (ii) held for future display; or
     (iii) used to house or store a public display.
     (3) The following portions of the appraised value of a capital investment in a recognized nonfossil form of energy generation or low emission wood or biomass combustion devices, as defined in 15-32-102, are exempt from taxation for a period of 10 years following installation of the property:
     (a) $20,000 in the case of a single-family residential dwelling;
     (b) $100,000 in the case of a multifamily residential dwelling or a nonresidential structure.

     History: En. Sec. 2, p. 73, L. 1891; re-en. Sec. 3671, Pol. C. 1895; re-en. Sec. 2499, Rev. C. 1907; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 97, L. 1911; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 24, L. 1919; re-en. Sec. 1998, R.C.M. 1921; Cal. Pol. C. Secs. 3607 and 3611; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 98, L. 1931; re-en. Sec. 1998, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 85, L. 1965; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 266, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 361, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 376, L. 1974; Clarified Sec. 1, Ch. 8, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 325, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 341, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 442, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 507, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 7, Ch. 548, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 52, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 87, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 112, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 126, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 393, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 413, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 492, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 576, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 84-202(1), (3), (8); amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 508, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 616, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 639, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 21, Ch. 712, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 478, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 11, Ch. 614, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 170, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 323, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 523, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 463, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 516, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 455, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 545, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 556, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 611, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 649, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 59, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 576, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 617, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 713, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 71, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 123, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 271, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 467, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 9, Ch. 783, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 54, L. 1993; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 80, L. 1993; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 575, L. 1993; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 88, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 21, Ch. 255, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 257, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 40, Ch. 418, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 43, Ch. 546, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 585, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 121, L. 1997; amd. Sec. 13, Ch. 472, L. 1997; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 496, L. 1997.