85-2-306. Exceptions to permit requirements. (1) Ground water may be appropriated only by a person who has a possessory interest in the property where the water is to be put to beneficial use and exclusive property rights in the ground water development works or, if another person has rights in the ground water development works, with the written consent of the person with those property rights. Outside the boundaries of a controlled ground water area, a permit is not required before appropriating ground water by means of a well or developed spring with a maximum appropriation of 35 gallons per minute or less, not to exceed 10 acre-feet per year, except that a combined appropriation from the same source from two or more wells or developed springs exceeding this limitation requires a permit. Within 60 days of completion of the well or developed spring and appropriation of the ground water for beneficial use, the appropriator shall file a notice of completion with the department on a form provided by the department at its offices and at the offices of the county clerk and recorders. Upon receipt of the notice, the department shall review the notice and may, before issuing a certificate of water right, return a defective notice for correction or completion, together with the reasons for returning it. A notice does not lose priority of filing because of defects if the notice is corrected, completed, and refiled with the department within 30 days or within a further time as the department may allow, not to exceed 6 months. If a notice is not corrected and completed within the time allowed, the priority date of appropriation is the date of refiling a correct and complete notice with the department. A certificate of water right may not be issued until a correct and complete notice has been filed with the department. The original of the certificate must be sent to the appropriator. The department shall keep a copy of the certificate in its office in Helena. The date of filing of the notice of completion is the date of priority of the right.
     (2) An appropriator of ground water by means of a well or developed spring first put to beneficial use between January 1, 1962, and July 1, 1973, who did not file a notice of completion, as required by laws in force prior to April 14, 1981, with the county clerk and recorder shall file a notice of completion, as provided in subsection (1), with the department to perfect the water right. The filing of a claim pursuant to 85-2-221 is sufficient notice of completion under this subsection. The priority date of the appropriation is the date of the filing of a notice as provided in subsection (1) of this section or the date of the filing of the claim of existing water right. An appropriation under this subsection is an existing right, and a permit is not required; however, the department shall acknowledge the receipt of a correct and complete filing of a notice of completion, except that for an appropriation of 35 gallons per minute or less, not to exceed 10 acre-feet per year, the department shall issue a certificate of water right. If a certificate is issued under this section, a certificate need not be issued under the adjudication proceedings provided for in 85-2-236.
     (3) A permit is not required before constructing an impoundment or pit and appropriating water for use by livestock if the maximum capacity of the impoundment or pit is less than 15 acre-feet and the appropriation is less than 30 acre-feet per year and is from a source other than a perennial flowing stream and the impoundment or pit is to be constructed on and will be accessible to a parcel of land that is owned or under the control of the applicant and that is 40 acres or larger. As used in this subsection, "perennial flowing stream" means a stream that historically has flowed continuously during all seasons of the year, during dry as well as wet years. However, within 60 days after constructing the impoundment or pit, the appropriator shall apply for a permit as prescribed by this part. Upon receipt of a correct and complete application for a stockwater provisional permit, the department shall then automatically issue a provisional permit. If the department determines after a hearing that the rights of other appropriators have been or will be adversely affected, it may revoke the permit or require the permittee to modify the impoundment or pit and may then make the permit subject to terms, conditions, restrictions, or limitations that it considers necessary to protect the rights of other appropriators.
     (4) A person may also appropriate water without applying for or prior to receiving a permit under rules adopted by the department under 85-2-113.

     History: En. Sec. 16, Ch. 452, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 238, L. 1974; amd. Sec. 8, Ch. 485, L. 1975; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 416, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 470, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 89-880(5), (7); amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 30, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 160, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 357, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 8, Ch. 448, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 499, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 535, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 432, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 13, Ch. 769, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 805, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 9, Ch. 629, L. 1993; amd. Sec. 447, Ch. 418, L. 1995.