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HOUSE BILL NO. 153
INTRODUCED BY C. SMITH
A BILL FOR AN ACT ENTITLED: "AN ACT ALLOWING DEDUCTIONS OR EXEMPTIONS FROM ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME OR GROSS INCOME RELATED TO AMOUNTS PAID TO HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRIES OR TO MEMBERS OF A HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY; ALLOWING EMPLOYERS TO DEDUCT AMOUNTS PAID TO HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRIES OR TO MEMBERS OF A HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE; EXCLUDING FROM ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME CERTAIN AMOUNTS PAID TO AND AMOUNTS RECEIVED FROM HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRIES; ALLOWING A DEDUCTION IN COMPUTING NET INCOME FOR AMOUNTS PAID TO A HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY OR TO MEMBERS OF A HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE; AMENDING SECTIONS 15-30-2101, 15-30-2110, 15-30-2131, AND 15-30-2501, MCA; AND PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE DATE AND A RETROACTIVE APPLICABILITY DATE."
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:
NEW SECTION. Section 1. Deduction for amounts paid to health care sharing ministry. (1) A taxpayer is allowed a deduction from adjusted gross income for amounts paid ON BEHALF OF THE EMPLOYEE to a health care sharing ministry FOR THE PAYMENT OF REQUIRED FEES FOR OPERATIONAL COSTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY or to a member of the health care sharing ministry made on behalf of an employee for the purpose of paying medical expenses of members THE MEMBER of the health care sharing ministry.
(2) A taxpayer may deduct amounts paid ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE to the health care sharing ministry or TO a member of the health care sharing ministry on behalf of an employee to the extent that the amounts paid were not otherwise deducted in computing taxable income.
Section 2. Section 15-30-2101, MCA, is amended to read:
"15-30-2101. Definitions. For the purpose of this chapter, unless otherwise required by the context, the following definitions apply:
(1) "Base year structure" means the following elements of the income tax structure:
(a) the tax brackets established in 15-30-2103, but unadjusted by 15-30-2103(2), in effect on June 30 of the taxable year;
(b) the exemptions contained in 15-30-2114, but unadjusted by 15-30-2114(6), in effect on June 30 of the taxable year;
(c) the maximum standard deduction provided in 15-30-2132, but unadjusted by 15-30-2132(2), in effect on June 30 of the taxable year.
(2) "Consumer price index" means the consumer price index, United States city average, for all items, for all urban consumers (CPI-U), using the 1982-84 base of 100, as published by the bureau of labor statistics of the U.S. department of labor.
(3) "Corporation" or "C. corporation" means a corporation, limited liability company, or other entity:
(a) that is treated as an association for federal income tax purposes;
(b) for which a valid election under section 1362 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 1362) is not in effect; and
(c) that is not a disregarded entity.
(4) "Department" means the department of revenue.
(5) "Disregarded entity" means a business entity:
(a) that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner for federal tax purposes, as provided in United States treasury regulations 301.7701-2 or 301.7701-3, 26 CFR 301.7701-2 or 26 CFR 301.7701-3, or as those regulations may be labeled or amended; or
(b) that is a qualified subchapter S. subsidiary that is not treated as a separate corporation, as provided in section 1361(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 1361(b)(3)).
(6) "Dividend" means:
(a) any distribution made by a C. corporation out of its earnings and profits to its shareholders or members, whether in cash or in other property or in stock of the corporation, other than stock dividends; and
(b) any distribution made by an S. corporation treated as a dividend for federal income tax purposes.
(7) "Fiduciary" means a guardian, trustee, executor, administrator, receiver, conservator, or any person, whether individual or corporate, acting in any fiduciary capacity for any person, trust, or estate.
(8) "Foreign C. corporation" means a corporation that is not engaged in or doing business in Montana, as provided in 15-31-101.
(9) "Foreign government" means any jurisdiction other than the one embraced within the United States, its territories, and its possessions.
(10) "Gross income" means the taxpayer's gross income for federal income tax purposes as defined in section 61 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 61) or as that section may be labeled or amended, excluding unemployment compensation included in federal gross income under the provisions of section 85 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 85) as amended.
(11) "Health care sharing ministry" means an organization:
(a) described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 501(c)(3), that is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, U.S.C. 26 501(a), whose members:
(i) share a common set of ethical or religious beliefs and share medical expenses among members in accordance with those beliefs and without regard to the state in which a member resides or is employed; and
(ii) retain membership even after they develop a medical condition; and
(b) that conducts an annual audit that is performed by a certified public accounting firm in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that is made available to the public upon request.
(11)(12) "Inflation factor" means a number determined for each tax year by dividing the consumer price index for June of the tax year by the consumer price index for June 2005.
(12)(13) "Information agents" includes all individuals and entities acting in whatever capacity, including lessees or mortgagors of real or personal property, fiduciaries, brokers, real estate brokers, employers, and all officers and employees of the state or of any municipal corporation or political subdivision of the state, having the control, receipt, custody, disposal, or payment of interest, rent, salaries, wages, premiums, annuities, compensations, remunerations, emoluments, or other fixed or determinable annual or periodical gains, profits, and income with respect to which any person or fiduciary is taxable under this chapter.
(13)(14) "Internal Revenue Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or as it may be labeled or further amended. References to specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code mean those provisions as they may be otherwise labeled or further amended.
(14)(15) "Knowingly" is as defined in 45-2-101.
(15)(16) "Limited liability company" means a limited liability company, domestic limited liability company, or a foreign limited liability company as defined in 35-8-102.
(16)(17) "Limited liability partnership" means a limited liability partnership as defined in 35-10-102.
(17)(18) "Lottery winnings" means income paid either in lump sum or in periodic payments to:
(a) a resident taxpayer on a lottery ticket; or
(b) a nonresident taxpayer on a lottery ticket purchased in Montana.
(18)(19) (a) "Montana source income" means:
(i) wages, salary, tips, and other compensation for services performed in the state or while a resident of the state;
(ii) gain attributable to the sale or other transfer of tangible property located in the state, sold or otherwise transferred while a resident of the state, or used or held in connection with a trade, business, or occupation carried on in the state;
(iii) gain attributable to the sale or other transfer of intangible property received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(iv) interest received or accrued while a resident of the state or from an installment sale of real property or tangible commercial or business personal property located in the state;
(v) dividends received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(vi) net income or loss derived from a trade, business, profession, or occupation carried on in the state or while a resident of the state;
(vii) net income or loss derived from farming activities carried on in the state or while a resident of the state;
(viii) net rents from real property and tangible personal property located in the state or received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(ix) net royalties from real property and from tangible real property to the extent the property is used in the state or the net royalties are received or accrued while a resident of the state. The extent of use in the state is determined by multiplying the royalties by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days of physical location of the property in the state during the royalty period in the tax year and the denominator of which is the number of days of physical location of the property everywhere during all royalty periods in the tax year. If the physical location is unknown or unascertainable by the taxpayer, the property is considered used in the state in which it was located at the time the person paying the royalty obtained possession.
(x) patent royalties to the extent the person paying them employs the patent in production, fabrication, manufacturing, or other processing in the state, a patented product is produced in the state, or the royalties are received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(xi) net copyright royalties to the extent printing or other publication originates in the state or the royalties are received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(xii) partnership income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit or item of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit:
(A) derived from a trade, business, occupation, or profession carried on in the state;
(B) derived from the sale or other transfer or the rental, lease, or other commercial exploitation of property located in the state; or
(C) taken into account while a resident of the state;
(xiii) an S. corporation's separately and nonseparately stated income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit or item of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit:
(A) derived from a trade, business, occupation, or profession carried on in the state;
(B) derived from the sale or other transfer or the rental, lease, or other commercial exploitation of property located in the state; or
(C) taken into account while a resident of the state;
(xiv) social security benefits received or accrued while a resident of the state;
(xv) taxable individual retirement account distributions, annuities, pensions, and other retirement benefits received while a resident of the state;
(xvi) any other income attributable to the state, including but not limited to lottery winnings, state and federal tax refunds, nonemployee compensation, recapture of tax benefits, and capital loss addbacks; and
(xvii) in the case of a nonresident who sells the nonresident's interest in a publicly traded partnership doing business in Montana, the gain described in section 751 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 751, multiplied by the Montana apportionment factor. If the net gain or loss resulting from the use of the apportionment factor as provided in this subsection (18)(a)(xvii) (19)(a)(xvii) does not fairly and equitably represent the nonresident taxpayer's business activity interest, then the nonresident taxpayer may petition for, or the department may require with respect to any and all of the partnership interest, the employment of another method to effectuate an equitable allocation or apportionment of the nonresident's income. This subsection (18)(a)(xvii) (19)(a)(xvii) is intended to preserve the rights and privileges of a nonresident taxpayer and align those rights with taxpayers who are afforded the same rights under 15-1-601 and 15-31-312.
(b) The term does not include:
(i) compensation for military service of members of the armed services of the United States who are not Montana residents and who are residing in Montana solely by reason of compliance with military orders and does not include income derived from their personal property located in the state except with respect to personal property used in or arising from a trade or business carried on in Montana; or
(ii) interest paid on loans held by out-of-state financial institutions recognized as such in the state of their domicile, secured by mortgages, trust indentures, or other security interests on real or personal property located in the state, if the loan is originated by a lender doing business in Montana and assigned out-of-state and there is no activity conducted by the out-of-state lender in Montana except periodic inspection of the security.
(19)(20) "Net income" means the adjusted gross income of a taxpayer less the deductions allowed by this chapter.
(20)(21) "Nonresident" means a natural person who is not a resident.
(21)(22) "Paid", for the purposes of the deductions and credits under this chapter, means paid or accrued or paid or incurred, and the terms "paid or accrued" and "paid or incurred" must be construed according to the method of accounting upon the basis of which the taxable income is computed under this chapter.
(22)(23) "Partner" means a member of a partnership or a manager or member of any other entity, if treated as a partner for federal income tax purposes.
(23)(24) "Partnership" means a general or limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or other entity, if treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
(24)(25) "Pass-through entity" means a partnership, an S. corporation, or a disregarded entity.
(25)(26) "Pension and annuity income" means:
(a) systematic payments of a definitely determinable amount from a qualified pension plan, as that term is used in section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 401), or systematic payments received as the result of contributions made to a qualified pension plan that are paid to the recipient or recipient's beneficiary upon the cessation of employment;
(b) payments received as the result of past service and cessation of employment in the uniformed services of the United States;
(c) lump-sum distributions from pension or profit-sharing plans to the extent that the distributions are included in federal adjusted gross income;
(d) distributions from individual retirement, deferred compensation, and self-employed retirement plans recognized under sections 401 through 408 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 401 through 408) to the extent that the distributions are not considered to be premature distributions for federal income tax purposes; or
(e) amounts received from fully matured, privately purchased annuity contracts after cessation of regular employment.
(26)(27) "Purposely" is as defined in 45-2-101.
(27)(28) "Received", for the purpose of computation of taxable income under this chapter, means received or accrued, and the term "received or accrued" must be construed according to the method of accounting upon the basis of which the taxable income is computed under this chapter.
(28)(29) "Resident" applies only to natural persons and includes, for the purpose of determining liability to the tax imposed by this chapter with reference to the income of any taxable year, any person domiciled in the state of Montana and any other person who maintains a permanent place of abode within the state even though temporarily absent from the state and who has not established a residence elsewhere.
(29)(30) "S. corporation" means an incorporated entity for which a valid election under section 1362 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 1362) is in effect.
(30)(31) "Stock dividends" means new stock issued, for surplus or profits capitalized, to shareholders in proportion to their previous holdings.
(31)(32) "Tax year" means the taxpayer's taxable year for federal income tax purposes.
(32)(33) "Taxable income" means the adjusted gross income of a taxpayer less the deductions and exemptions provided for in this chapter.
(33)(34) "Taxpayer" includes any person, entity, or fiduciary, resident or nonresident, subject to a tax or other obligation imposed by this chapter and unless otherwise specifically provided does not include a C. corporation."
Section 3. Section 15-30-2110, MCA, is amended to read:
"15-30-2110. Adjusted gross income. (1) Subject to subsection (13), adjusted gross income is the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income as defined in section 62 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 62, and in addition includes the following:
(a) (i) interest received on obligations of another state or territory or county, municipality, district, or other political subdivision of another state, except to the extent that the interest is exempt from taxation by Montana under federal law;
(ii) exempt-interest dividends as defined in section 852(b)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 852(b)(5), that are attributable to the interest referred to in subsection (1)(a)(i);
(b) refunds received of federal income tax, to the extent that the deduction of the tax resulted in a reduction of Montana income tax liability;
(c) that portion of a shareholder's income under subchapter S. of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code that has been reduced by any federal taxes paid by the subchapter S. corporation on the income;
(d) depreciation or amortization taken on a title plant as defined in 33-25-105;
(e) the recovery during the tax year of an amount deducted in any prior tax year to the extent that the amount recovered reduced the taxpayer's Montana income tax in the year deducted;
(f) if the state taxable distribution of an estate or trust is greater than the federal taxable distribution of the same estate or trust, the difference between the state taxable distribution and the federal taxable distribution of the same estate or trust for the same tax period; and
(g) except for exempt-interest dividends described in subsection (2)(a)(ii), for tax years commencing after December 31, 2002, the amount of any dividend to the extent that the dividend is not included in federal adjusted gross income.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, adjusted gross income does not include the following, which are exempt from taxation under this chapter:
(a) (i) all interest income from obligations of the United States government, the state of Montana, or a county, municipality, district, or other political subdivision of the state and any other interest income that is exempt from taxation by Montana under federal law;
(ii) exempt-interest dividends as defined in section 852(b)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 852(b)(5), that are attributable to the interest referred to in subsection (2)(a)(i);
(b) interest income earned by a taxpayer who is 65 years of age or older in a tax year up to and including $800 for a taxpayer filing a separate return and $1,600 for each joint return;
(c) (i) except as provided in subsection (2)(c)(ii), the first $3,600 of all pension and annuity income received as defined in 15-30-2101;
(ii) for pension and annuity income described under subsection (2)(c)(i), as follows:
(A) each taxpayer filing singly, head of household, or married filing separately shall reduce the total amount of the exclusion provided in subsection (2)(c)(i) by $2 for every $1 of federal adjusted gross income in excess of $30,000 as shown on the taxpayer's return;
(B) in the case of married taxpayers filing jointly, if both taxpayers are receiving pension or annuity income or if only one taxpayer is receiving pension or annuity income, the exclusion claimed as provided in subsection (2)(c)(i) must be reduced by $2 for every $1 of federal adjusted gross income in excess of $30,000 as shown on their joint return;
(d) all Montana income tax refunds or tax refund credits;
(e) gain required to be recognized by a liquidating corporation under 15-31-113(1)(a)(ii);
(f) all tips or gratuities that are covered by section 3402(k) or service charges that are covered by section 3401 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, 26 U.S.C. 3402(k) or 3401, as amended and applicable on January 1, 1983, received by a person for services rendered to patrons of premises licensed to provide food, beverage, or lodging;
(g) all benefits received under the workers' compensation laws;
(h) (i) all health insurance premiums paid by an employer for an employee if attributed as income to the employee under federal law;
(ii) all amounts paid ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE to a health care sharing ministry FOR THE PAYMENT OF REQUIRED FEES FOR OPERATIONAL COSTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY or TO a member of the health care sharing ministry FOR THE PAYMENT OF MEDICAL EXPENSES OF THE MEMBER by an employer on behalf of an employee if attributed as income to the employee under federal law;
(iii) all amounts received by a person or a person's dependents from a health care sharing ministry or from one or more members of a health care sharing ministry FOR THE PAYMENT OF MEDICAL EXPENSES OF THE PERSON OR THE PERSON'S DEPENDENTS;
(i) all money received because of a settlement agreement or judgment in a lawsuit brought against a manufacturer or distributor of "agent orange" for damages resulting from exposure to "agent orange";
(j) principal and income in a medical care savings account established in accordance with 15-61-201 or withdrawn from an account for eligible medical expenses, as defined in 15-61-102, of the taxpayer or a dependent of the taxpayer or for the long-term care of the taxpayer or a dependent of the taxpayer;
(k) principal and income in a first-time home buyer savings account established in accordance with 15-63-201 or withdrawn from an account for eligible costs, as provided in 15-63-202(7), for the first-time purchase of a single-family residence;
(l) contributions withdrawn from a family education savings account or earnings withdrawn from a family education savings account for qualified higher education expenses, as defined in 15-62-103, of a designated beneficiary;
(m) the recovery during the tax year of any amount deducted in any prior tax year to the extent that the recovered amount did not reduce the taxpayer's Montana income tax in the year deducted;
(n) if the federal taxable distribution of an estate or trust is greater than the state taxable distribution of the same estate or trust, the difference between the federal taxable distribution and the state taxable distribution of the same estate or trust for the same tax period;
(o) deposits, not exceeding the amount set forth in 15-30-3003, deposited in a Montana farm and ranch risk management account, as provided in 15-30-3001 through 15-30-3005, in any tax year for which a deduction is not provided for federal income tax purposes;
(p) income of a dependent child that is included in the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code. The child is required to file a Montana personal income tax return if the child and taxpayer meet the filing requirements in 15-30-2602.
(q) principal and income deposited in a health care expense trust account, as defined in 2-18-1303, or withdrawn from the account for payment of qualified health care expenses as defined in 2-18-1303;
(r) that part of the refundable credit provided in 33-22-2006 that reduces Montana tax below zero; and
(s) the amount of the gain recognized from the sale or exchange of a mobile home park as provided in 15-31-163.
(3) A shareholder of a DISC that is exempt from the corporation license tax under 15-31-102(1)(l) shall include in the shareholder's adjusted gross income the earnings and profits of the DISC in the same manner as provided by section 995 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 995, for all periods for which the DISC election is effective.
(4) A taxpayer who, in determining federal adjusted gross income, has reduced the taxpayer's business deductions by an amount for wages and salaries for which a federal tax credit was elected under sections 38 and 51(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 38 and 51(a), is allowed to deduct the amount of the wages and salaries paid regardless of the credit taken. The deduction must be made in the year that the wages and salaries were used to compute the credit. In the case of a partnership or small business corporation, the deduction must be made to determine the amount of income or loss of the partnership or small business corporation.
(5) Married taxpayers filing a joint federal return who are required to include part of their social security benefits or part of their tier 1 railroad retirement benefits in federal adjusted gross income may split the federal base used in calculation of federal taxable social security benefits or federal taxable tier 1 railroad retirement benefits when they file separate Montana income tax returns. The federal base must be split equally on the Montana return.
(6) Married taxpayers filing a joint federal return who are allowed a capital loss deduction under section 1211 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 1211, and who file separate Montana income tax returns may claim the same amount of the capital loss deduction that is allowed on the federal return. If the allowable capital loss is clearly attributable to one spouse, the loss must be shown on that spouse's return; otherwise, the loss must be split equally on each return.
(7) In the case of passive and rental income losses, married taxpayers filing a joint federal return and who file separate Montana income tax returns are not required to recompute allowable passive losses according to the federal passive activity rules for married taxpayers filing separately under section 469 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 469. If the allowable passive loss is clearly attributable to one spouse, the loss must be shown on that spouse's return; otherwise, the loss must be split equally on each return.
(8) Married taxpayers filing a joint federal return in which one or both of the taxpayers are allowed a deduction for an individual retirement contribution under section 219 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 219, and who file separate Montana income tax returns may claim the same amount of the deduction that is allowed on the federal return. The deduction must be attributed to the spouse who made the contribution.
(9) (a) Married taxpayers filing a joint federal return who are allowed a deduction for interest paid for a qualified education loan under section 221 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 221, and who file separate Montana income tax returns may claim the same amount of the deduction that is allowed on the federal return. The deduction may be split equally on each return or in proportion to each taxpayer's share of federal adjusted gross income.
(b) Married taxpayers filing a joint federal return who are allowed a deduction for qualified tuition and related expenses under section 222 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 222, and who file separate Montana income tax returns may claim the same amount of the deduction that is allowed on the federal return. The deduction may be split equally on each return or in proportion to each taxpayer's share of federal adjusted gross income.
(10) A taxpayer receiving retirement disability benefits who has not attained 65 years of age by the end of the tax year and who has retired as permanently and totally disabled may exclude from adjusted gross income up to $100 a week received as wages or payments in lieu of wages for a period during which the employee is absent from work due to the disability. If the adjusted gross income before this exclusion exceeds $15,000, the excess reduces the exclusion by an equal amount. This limitation affects the amount of exclusion, but not the taxpayer's eligibility for the exclusion. If eligible, married individuals shall apply the exclusion separately, but the limitation for income exceeding $15,000 is determined with respect to the spouses on their combined adjusted gross income. For the purpose of this subsection, "permanently and totally disabled" means unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determined physical or mental impairment lasting or expected to last at least 12 months.
(11) An individual who contributes to one or more accounts established under the Montana family education savings program may reduce adjusted gross income by the lesser of $3,000 or the amount of the contribution. In the case of married taxpayers, each spouse is entitled to a reduction, not in excess of $3,000, for the spouses' contributions to the accounts. Spouses may jointly elect to treat half of the total contributions made by the spouses as being made by each spouse. The reduction in adjusted gross income under this subsection applies only with respect to contributions to an account of which the account owner, as defined in 15-62-103, is the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's child or stepchild if the taxpayer's child or stepchild is a Montana resident. The provisions of subsection (1)(e) do not apply with respect to withdrawals of contributions that reduced adjusted gross income.
(12) (a) A taxpayer may exclude the amount of the loan payment received pursuant to subsection (12)(a)(iv), not to exceed $5,000, from the taxpayer's adjusted gross income if the taxpayer:
(i) is a health care professional licensed in Montana as provided in Title 37;
(ii) is serving a significant portion of a designated geographic area, special population, or facility population in a federally designated health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area or population, or a federal nursing shortage county as determined by the secretary of health and human services or by the governor;
(iii) has had a student loan incurred as a result of health-related education; and
(iv) has received a loan payment during the tax year made on the taxpayer's behalf by a loan repayment program described in subsection (12)(b) as an incentive to practice in Montana.
(b) For the purposes of subsection (12)(a), a loan repayment program includes a federal, state, or qualified private program. A qualified private loan repayment program includes a licensed health care facility, as defined in 50-5-101, that makes student loan payments on behalf of the person who is employed by the facility as a licensed health care professional.
(13) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1), adjusted gross income does not include 40% of capital gains on the sale or exchange of capital assets before December 31, 1986, as capital gains are determined under subchapter P. of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code as it read on December 31, 1986.
(14) By November 1 of each year, the department shall multiply the amount of pension and annuity income contained in subsection (2)(c)(i) and the federal adjusted gross income amounts in subsection (2)(c)(ii) by the inflation factor for that tax year, but using the year 2009 consumer price index, and rounding the results to the nearest $10. The resulting amounts are effective for that tax year and must be used as the basis for the exemption determined under subsection (2)(c). (Subsection (2)(f) terminates on occurrence of contingency--sec. 3, Ch. 634, L. 1983; subsection (2)(o) terminates on occurrence of contingency--sec. 9, Ch. 262, L. 2001.)"
Section 4. Section 15-30-2131, MCA, is amended to read:
"15-30-2131. Deductions allowed in computing net income. (1) In computing net income, there are allowed as deductions:
(a) the items referred to in sections 161, including the contributions referred to in 33-15-201(5)(b), and 211 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 161 and 211, subject to the following exceptions, which are not deductible:
(i) items provided for in 15-30-2133;
(ii) state income tax paid;
(iii) premium payments for medical care as provided in subsection (1)(g)(i);
(iv) long-term care insurance premium payments as provided in subsection (1)(g)(ii);
(v) amounts paid to a health care sharing ministry or to a member of a health care sharing ministry as provided in subsection (1)(h); and
(v)(vi) a charitable contribution using a charitable gift annuity unless the annuity is a qualified charitable gift annuity as defined in 33-20-701;
(b) federal income tax paid within the tax year, not to exceed $5,000 for each taxpayer filing singly, head of household, or married filing separately or $10,000 if married and filing jointly;
(c) expenses of household and dependent care services as outlined in subsections (1)(c)(i) through (1)(c)(iii) and (2) and subject to the limitations and rules as set out in subsections (1)(c)(iv) through (1)(c)(vi), as follows:
(i) expenses for household and dependent care services necessary for gainful employment incurred for:
(A) a dependent under 15 years of age for whom an exemption can be claimed;
(B) a dependent as allowable under 15-30-2114(5), except that the limitations for age and gross income do not apply, who is unable to provide self-care because of physical or mental illness; and
(C) a spouse who is unable to provide self-care because of physical or mental illness;
(ii) employment-related expenses incurred for the following services, but only if the expenses are incurred to enable the taxpayer to be gainfully employed:
(A) household services that are attributable to the care of the qualifying individual; and
(B) care of an individual who qualifies under subsection (1)(c)(i);
(iii) expenses incurred in maintaining a household if over half of the cost of maintaining the household is furnished by an individual or, if the individual is married during the applicable period, is furnished by the individual and the individual's spouse;
(iv) the amounts deductible in subsections (1)(c)(i) through (1)(c)(iii), subject to the following limitations:
(A) a deduction is allowed under subsection (1)(c)(i) for employment-related expenses incurred during the year only to the extent that the expenses do not exceed $4,800;
(B) expenses for services in the household are deductible under subsection (1)(c)(i) for employment-related expenses only if they are incurred for services in the taxpayer's household, except that employment-related expenses incurred for services outside the taxpayer's household are deductible, but only if incurred for the care of a qualifying individual described in subsection (1)(c)(i)(A) and only to the extent that the expenses incurred during the year do not exceed:
(I) $2,400 in the case of one qualifying individual;
(II) $3,600 in the case of two qualifying individuals; and
(III) $4,800 in the case of three or more qualifying individuals;
(v) if the combined adjusted gross income of the taxpayers exceeds $18,000 for the tax year during which the expenses are incurred, the amount of the employment-related expenses incurred, to be reduced by one-half of the excess of the combined adjusted gross income over $18,000;
(vi) for purposes of this subsection (1)(c):
(A) married couples shall file a joint return or file separately on the same form;
(B) if the taxpayer is married during any period of the tax year, employment-related expenses incurred are deductible only if:
(I) both spouses are gainfully employed, in which case the expenses are deductible only to the extent that they are a direct result of the employment; or
(II) the spouse is a qualifying individual described in subsection (1)(c)(i)(C);
(C) an individual legally separated from the individual's spouse under a decree of divorce or of separate maintenance may not be considered as married;
(D) the deduction for employment-related expenses must be divided equally between the spouses when filing separately on the same form;
(E) payment made to a child of the taxpayer who is under 19 years of age at the close of the tax year and payments made to an individual with respect to whom a deduction is allowable under 15-30-2114(5) are not deductible as employment-related expenses;
(d) in the case of an individual, political contributions determined in accordance with the provisions of section 218(a) and (b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (now repealed) that were in effect for the tax year that ended December 31, 1978;
(e) that portion of expenses for organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer produced as a byproduct allowed as a deduction under 15-32-303 that was not otherwise deducted in computing taxable income;
(f) contributions to the child abuse and neglect prevention program provided for in 52-7-101, subject to the conditions set forth in 15-30-2143;
(g) the entire amount of premium payments made by the taxpayer, except premiums deducted in determining Montana adjusted gross income, or for which a credit was claimed under 15-30-2366, for:
(i) insurance for medical care, as defined in 26 U.S.C. 213(d), for coverage of the taxpayer, the taxpayer's dependents, and the parents and grandparents of the taxpayer; and
(ii) long-term care insurance policies or certificates that provide coverage primarily for any qualified long-term care services, as defined in 26 U.S.C. 7702B(c), for:
(A) the benefit of the taxpayer for tax years beginning after December 31, 1994; or
(B) the benefit of the taxpayer, the taxpayer's dependents, and the parents and grandparents of the taxpayer for tax years beginning after December 31, 1996;
(h) amounts paid by the taxpayer, except amounts deducted in determining Montana adjusted gross income, to a health care sharing ministry FOR REQUIRED FEES FOR OPERATIONAL COSTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY or to a member of a health care sharing ministry FOR THE PAYMENT OF THE MEDICAL EXPENSES OF THE MEMBER;
(h)(i) light vehicle registration fees, as provided for in 61-3-321(2) and 61-3-562, paid during the tax year; and
(i)(j) per capita livestock fees imposed pursuant to 15-24-921, 15-24-922, 81-6-104, 81-6-204, 81-6-209, 81-7-118, or 81-7-201.
(2) (a) Subject to the conditions of subsection (1)(c), a taxpayer who operates a family day-care home or a group day-care home, as these terms are defined in 52-2-703, and who cares for the taxpayer's own child and at least one unrelated child in the ordinary course of business may deduct employment-related expenses considered to have been paid for the care of the child.
(b) The amount of employment-related expenses considered to have been paid by the taxpayer is equal to the amount that the taxpayer charges for the care of a child of the same age for the same number of hours of care. The employment-related expenses apply regardless of whether any expenses actually have been paid. Employment-related expenses may not exceed the amounts specified in subsection (1)(c)(iv)(B).
(c) Only a day-care operator who is licensed and registered as required in 52-2-721 is allowed the deduction under this subsection (2)."
Section 5. Section 15-30-2501, MCA, is amended to read:
"15-30-2501. Definitions. When used in 15-30-2501 through 15-30-2509, the following definitions apply:
(1) (a) "Employee" means:
(i) an individual who performs services for another individual or an organization having the right to control the employee as to the services to be performed and as to the manner of performance;
(ii) an officer, employee, or elected public official of the United States, the state of Montana, or any political subdivision of the United States or Montana or any agency or instrumentality of the United States, the state of Montana, or a political subdivision of the United States or Montana;
(iii) an officer of a corporation;
(iv) all classes, grades, or types of employees including minors and aliens, superintendents, managers, and other supervisory personnel.
(b) The term does not include a sole proprietor performing services for the sole proprietorship.
(2) "Employer" means:
(a) the person for whom an individual performs or performed any service, of whatever nature, as an employee of the person or, if the person for whom the individual performs or performed the services does not have control of the payment of wages for the services, the person having control of the payment of wages;
(b) any individual or organization that has or had in its employ one or more individuals performing services for it within this state, including:
(i) a state government and any of its political subdivisions or instrumentalities;
(ii) a partnership, association, trust, estate, joint-stock company, insurance company, limited liability company, or domestic or foreign corporation;
(iii) a receiver, trustee, including a trustee in bankruptcy, or the trustee's successor; or
(iv) a legal representative of a deceased person; or
(c) any person found to be an employer under Title 39, chapter 51, for unemployment insurance purposes, or under Title 39, chapter 71, for workers' compensation purposes.
(3) "Lookback period" means the 12-month period ending the preceding June 30.
(4) "Sole proprietor" means an individual doing business in a noncorporate form and includes the member of a single-member limited liability company that is a disregarded entity if the member is an individual.
(5) (a) Except as provided in subsection (5)(b), "wages" has the meaning provided in section 3401 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 3401.
(b) The term does not include:
(i) tips and gratuities exempt from taxation under 15-30-2110;
(ii) (A) health insurance premiums attributed as income to an employee under federal law that are exempt from taxation under 15-30-2110; or
(B) health care sharing ministry payments attributed as income to an employee under federal law that are exempt from taxation under 15-30-2110;
(iii) unemployment compensation, including supplemental unemployment compensation treated as wages under section 3402 of the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. 3402, that is excluded from gross income as provided in 15-30-2101; or
(iv) any amount paid a sole proprietor."
NEW SECTION. Section 6. Deduction for amounts paid to health care sharing ministry. (1) A corporation, a small business corporation, as defined in 15-30-3301, or a partnership is allowed a deduction from gross income for amounts paid ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE LOCATED IN MONTANA to a health care sharing ministry, as defined in 15-30-2101, FOR THE PAYMENT OF REQUIRED FEES FOR OPERATIONAL COSTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SHARING MINISTRY or to a member of a health care sharing ministry on behalf of an employee located in Montana FOR THE PAYMENT OF MEDICAL EXPENSES OF THE MEMBER.
(2) A taxpayer may deduct the amounts paid to the health care sharing ministry or to any A member of a health care sharing ministry to the extent that the amount paid was not otherwise deducted in computing net income.
NEW SECTION. Section 7. Codification instruction. (1) [Section 1] is intended to be codified as an integral part of Title 15, chapter 30, part 21, and the provisions of Title 15, chapter 30, part 21, apply to [section 1].
(2) [Section 6] is intended to be codified as an integral part of Title 15, chapter 31, part 1, and the provisions of Title 15, chapter 31, part 1, apply to [section 6].
NEW SECTION. Section 8. Effective date. [This act] is effective on passage and approval.
NEW SECTION. Section 9. Retroactive applicability. [This act] applies retroactively, within the meaning of 1-2-109, to tax years beginning after December 31, 2010.
- END -
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