18-4-242. Exclusive remedies for unlawful solicitation or award. (1) This section establishes the exclusive remedies for a solicitation or award of a contract determined to be in violation of the law.
(2) Except for small purchases or limited solicitations made pursuant to 18-4-305, a bidder, offeror, or contractor aggrieved in connection with the solicitation or award of a contract may protest to the department. The protest must be submitted to the department in writing no later than 14 days after execution of the contract.
(3) If the protest is not resolved by mutual agreement, the department shall issue in writing a decision on the protest within 30 days after receipt of the protest. The decision must:
(a) state the reason for the action taken by the department with regard to the contract; and
(b) inform the aggrieved party of the party's right to request, within 14 days after the date of the department's written decision, a contested case hearing pursuant to the Montana Administrative Procedure Act.
(4) In a protest or contested case proceeding, the department may, in an appropriate case, order a remedy provided in subsection (5) or (6).
(5) If before an award it is determined that a solicitation or proposed award of a contract is in violation of law, the solicitation or proposed award may be:
(a) canceled; or
(b) revised to comply with the law.
(6) (a) If after an award it is determined that a solicitation or award of a contract is in violation of law and the person awarded the contract has not acted fraudulently or in bad faith, the contract may be:
(i) ratified and affirmed, provided it is determined that doing so is in the best interests of the state; or
(ii) terminated, and the person awarded the contract must be compensated for the actual expenses reasonably incurred under the contract, plus a reasonable profit, before the termination.
(b) If after an award it is determined that a solicitation or award of a contract is in violation of law and the person awarded the contract has acted fraudulently or in bad faith, the contract may be:
(i) declared void; or
(ii) ratified and affirmed if that action is in the best interests of the state, without prejudice to the state's rights to appropriate damages.
(7) The exclusive method of judicial review of a solicitation or award by the department pursuant to this chapter is by a petition for judicial review pursuant to 2-4-702. In a proceeding pursuant to that section, the court may, in an appropriate case, order a remedy provided by subsection (5) or (6) of this section. Except as provided in subsections (6)(a)(ii) and (6)(b)(ii), there is no right under any legal theory to recover a form of damages or expenses for a solicitation or award of a contract in violation of law. Any other claim, cause of action, or request for relief for solicitations or awards allegedly made in violation of law may not be heard or granted by a district court other than as provided in this section.
(8) The state is not required to delay, halt, or modify the procurement process pending the result of a protest, contested case proceeding, or judicial review.
(9) The department may adopt rules governing the protest of solicitations or awards.