35-1-310. Contest of registration of name -- penalty. (1) A person doing business in this state may contest the registration of a name under this section with the office of the secretary of state by filing an acknowledged notice of contest with the secretary of state and sending a copy of the notice of contest to the person who registered the contested name. The notice to the secretary of state must be accompanied by a $100 deposit, which the secretary of state shall award to the prevailing party in the contest.
(2) Upon receipt of a notice of contest, the secretary of state shall ask each party to the contest to submit within 30 days an affidavit setting forth the facts, opinions, and arguments for or against the retention of the contested name in the records of the secretary of state. The secretary of state shall review the affidavits and shall make a decision or order a hearing to be held within 30 days. If a hearing is ordered, the parties shall meet with the secretary of state before the hearing and attempt to settle the contest. If a settlement is not reached, the secretary of state shall hold a hearing. At the hearing the secretary of state may consider evidence presented by the parties relating to the factual or legal issues raised by the contest. A record of the hearing is not required. The hearing is not a contested case hearing. Where consistent with this section, the informal procedures of the Montana Administrative Procedure Act apply.
(3) The secretary of state may order that the contested name be changed on the records of the secretary of state if it is likely that the use of the names will cause confusion, mistake, or deception among the public when applied to the goods or services provided by the businesses. In determining whether confusion, mistake, or deception is likely, the secretary of state shall consider:
(a) the strength or unique nature of the names;
(b) the similarity of sound, appearance, or meaning of the names;
(c) the intent of the parties;
(d) the type of businesses engaged in or to be engaged in by the parties;
(e) the geographic market areas served by each party and the manner of distribution and marketing used in those areas;
(f) the nature and quality of goods or services provided by the parties;
(g) the level of sophistication of potential purchasers of goods or services offered by the parties;
(h) the length of time the parties have been transacting business under the name or names in question;
(i) whether the party contesting the registration of a name failed to make a timely objection or acquiesced to the use of the name so that it would be inequitable to prohibit its registration; and
(j) whether the names in question are in fair use, have been abandoned, or are parodies of other names.
(4) The secretary of state shall make a decision for one of the parties within 10 days of the hearing and may order that the contested name be changed in the records of the secretary of state and the relevant documents be amended by the secretary of state in a manner that results in a new name that is distinguishable on the record from another name registered with the office of the secretary of state.
(5) The secretary of state may order that the losing party pay any attorney fees and costs incurred by the prevailing party to contest the name or by the secretary of state to administer the provisions of this section, including any hearings.
(6) A party may appeal the decision of the secretary of state to the district court within 20 days. The district court shall consider the factual and legal issues without reference to the decision of the secretary of state.
(7) (a) A person who registers an assumed business name under 30-13-202 with the intent to deceive or harass another person doing legitimate business under the laws of this state is subject to a penalty of $1,000 in a civil action brought by a county attorney in the district court with jurisdiction for the county.
(b) A penalty collected pursuant to subsection (7)(a) must be deposited in the county general fund.