15-30-3313. (Temporary) Consent or withholding -- rulemaking. (1) A pass-through entity that is required to file an information return as provided in 15-30-3302 and that reports a distributive share of income of $1,000 or more of Montana source income during the tax year to a partner, shareholder, member, or other owner who is a nonresident individual, a foreign C. corporation, or any other entity, organization, or account whose principal place of business or administration is outside the state of Montana or that is itself a pass-through entity shall, on or before the due date, including extensions, for the information return:
(a) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner who is a nonresident individual:
(i) file a composite return;
(ii) file an agreement of the individual nonresident to:
(A) file a return in accordance with the provisions of 15-30-2602;
(B) timely pay all taxes imposed with respect to income of the pass-through entity; and
(C) be subject to the personal jurisdiction of the state for the collection of income taxes and related interest, penalties, and fees imposed with respect to the income of the pass-through entity; or
(iii) remit an amount equal to the highest marginal tax rate in effect under 15-30-2103 multiplied by the nonresident individual's share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return;
(b) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a foreign C. corporation:
(i) file a composite return;
(ii) file the foreign C. corporation's agreement to:
(A) file a return in accordance with the provisions of 15-31-111;
(B) timely pay all taxes imposed with respect to income of the pass-through entity; and
(C) be subject to the personal jurisdiction of the state for the collection of income taxes, corporate income taxes, and alternative corporate income taxes and related interest, penalties, and fees imposed with respect to the income of the pass-through entity; or
(iii) remit an amount equal to the tax rate in effect under 15-31-121 multiplied by the foreign C. corporation's share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return; and
(c) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a pass-through entity, also referred to in this section as a "second-tier pass-through entity":
(i) file a composite return; or
(ii) remit an amount equal to the highest marginal tax rate in effect under 15-30-2103 multiplied by its share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return.
(2) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a nonresident individual pursuant to subsection (1)(a)(iii) must be considered as a payment on the account of the nonresident individual for the income tax imposed on the nonresident individual for the tax year pursuant to 15-30-2104. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the nonresident individual a record of the amount of tax paid on the taxpayer's behalf.
(3) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a foreign C. corporation pursuant to subsection (1)(b)(iii) must be considered as a payment on the account of the foreign C. corporation for the corporate income tax imposed on the foreign C. corporation for the tax year pursuant to 15-31-101 or the alternative corporate income tax imposed on the foreign C. corporation for the tax year pursuant to 15-31-403. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the foreign C. corporation a record of the amount of tax paid on its behalf.
(4) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a second-tier pass-through entity pursuant to subsection (1)(c)(ii) must be considered as payment on the account of the individual, trust, estate, or C. corporation to which Montana source income is directly or indirectly passed through and must be claimed as the distributable share of a refundable credit of the pass-through entity partner, shareholder, member, or other owner on behalf of which the amount was paid. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the second-tier pass-through entity a record of the refundable credit that may be claimed for the amount paid on its behalf.
(5) A pass-through entity is entitled to recover a payment made pursuant to subsection (1)(a)(iii), (1)(b)(iii), or (1)(c)(ii) from the partner, shareholder, member, or other owner on whose behalf the payment was made.
(6) Following the department's notice to a pass-through entity that a nonresident individual or foreign C. corporation did not file a return or timely pay all taxes as provided in subsection (1), the pass-through entity must, with respect to any tax year thereafter for which the nonresident individual or foreign C. corporation is not included in the pass-through entity's composite return, remit the amount described in subsection (1)(a)(iii) for the nonresident individual and the amount described in subsection (1)(b)(iii) for the foreign C. corporation.
(7) (a) A publicly traded partnership described in 15-30-3302(4) that agrees to file an annual information return reporting the name, address, and taxpayer identification number for each person or entity that has an interest in the partnership that results in Montana source income or that has sold its interest in the partnership during the tax year is exempt from the composite return and withholding requirements of Title 15, chapter 30. A publicly traded partnership shall provide the department with the information in an electronic form that is capable of being sorted and exported. Compliance with this subsection does not relieve a person or entity from its obligation to pay Montana income taxes.
(b) A pass-through entity may be allowed a waiver of the provisions of subsection (1)(c) if one or more publicly traded partnerships has a direct or indirect majority interest in the income distributed by the pass-through entity. The pass-through entity shall apply to the department in writing for the waiver of the withholding requirements set forth in subsection (1)(c).
(c) Waivers issued by the department prior to January 1, 2016, to pass-through entities in which a publicly traded partnership has a direct or indirect majority interest will remain in effect in accordance with the law and rules in effect at the time the waiver was granted.
(d) The department shall adopt rules outlining the requirements for the waiver request.
(8) (a) A pass-through entity may be allowed a waiver of the provisions of subsection (1)(c) for any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a domestic second-tier pass-through entity if:
(i) the pass-through entity files a statement setting forth the name, address, and social security number or federal identification number of each of the domestic second-tier pass-through entity's partners, shareholders, members, or other owners; and
(ii) the information establishes that the domestic second-tier pass-through entity's share of Montana source income should be fully accounted for in an income tax return required under Title 15, chapter 30 or 31.
(b) For purposes of this subsection (8), the following definitions apply:
(i) "Domestic C. corporation" is a corporation that is engaged in or doing business in the state, as provided in 15-31-101.
(ii) "Domestic second-tier pass-through entity" is a pass-through entity whose interest is entirely held, either directly or indirectly, by one or more resident individuals, domestic C. corporations, or any other entities, organizations, or accounts whose principal place of business or administration is located in the state of Montana or any combination of interests held by resident individuals, domestic C. corporations, or any other entities, organizations, or accounts whose principal place of business or administration is located in the state of Montana.
(c) Subsequent to the initial approval of a waiver, the department may revoke the waiver if it determines that the partner, shareholder, member, or other owner no longer qualifies.
(9) Nothing in this section may be construed as modifying the provisions of Article IV(18) of 15-1-601 and 15-31-312 allowing a taxpayer to petition for and the department to require methods to fairly represent the extent of the taxpayer's business activity in the state.
(10) The department may adopt rules to administer and enforce the provisions of this section.
15-30-3313. (Effective January 1, 2025) Consent or withholding -- rulemaking. (1) A pass-through entity that is required to file an information return as provided in 15-30-3302 and that reports a distributive share of income of $1,000 or more of Montana source income during the tax year to a partner, shareholder, member, or other owner who is a nonresident individual, a foreign C. corporation, or any other entity, organization, or account whose principal place of business or administration is outside the state of Montana or that is itself a pass-through entity shall, on or before the due date, including extensions, for the information return:
(a) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner who is a nonresident individual:
(i) file a composite return;
(ii) file an agreement of the individual nonresident to:
(A) file a return in accordance with the provisions of 15-30-2602;
(B) timely pay all taxes imposed with respect to income of the pass-through entity; and
(C) be subject to the personal jurisdiction of the state for the collection of income taxes and related interest, penalties, and fees imposed with respect to the income of the pass-through entity; or
(iii) remit an amount equal to the highest marginal tax rate in effect under 15-30-2103 multiplied by the nonresident individual's share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return;
(b) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a foreign C. corporation:
(i) file a composite return;
(ii) file the foreign C. corporation's agreement to:
(A) file a return in accordance with the provisions of 15-31-111;
(B) timely pay all taxes imposed with respect to income of the pass-through entity; and
(C) be subject to the personal jurisdiction of the state for the collection of income taxes, corporate income taxes, and alternative corporate income taxes and related interest, penalties, and fees imposed with respect to the income of the pass-through entity; or
(iii) remit an amount equal to the tax rate in effect under 15-31-121 multiplied by the foreign C. corporation's share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return; and
(c) with respect to any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a pass-through entity, also referred to in this section as a "second-tier pass-through entity":
(i) file a composite return; or
(ii) remit an amount equal to the highest marginal tax rate in effect under 15-30-2103 multiplied by its share of Montana source income reflected on the pass-through entity's information return.
(2) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a nonresident individual pursuant to subsection (1)(a)(iii) must be considered as a payment on the account of the nonresident individual for the income tax imposed on the nonresident individual for the tax year pursuant to 15-30-2104. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the nonresident individual a record of the amount of tax paid on the taxpayer's behalf.
(3) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a foreign C. corporation pursuant to subsection (1)(b)(iii) must be considered as a payment on the account of the foreign C. corporation for the corporate income tax imposed on the foreign C. corporation for the tax year pursuant to 15-31-101 or the alternative corporate income tax imposed on the foreign C. corporation for the tax year pursuant to 15-31-403. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the foreign C. corporation a record of the amount of tax paid on its behalf.
(4) Any amount paid by a pass-through entity with respect to a second-tier pass-through entity pursuant to subsection (1)(c)(ii) must be considered as payment on the account of the individual, trust, estate, or C. corporation to which Montana source income is directly or indirectly passed through and must be claimed as the distributable share of a refundable credit of the pass-through entity partner, shareholder, member, or other owner on behalf of which the amount was paid. On or before the due date, including extensions, of the pass-through entity's information return provided in 15-30-3302, the pass-through entity shall furnish to the second-tier pass-through entity a record of the refundable credit that may be claimed for the amount paid on its behalf.
(5) A pass-through entity is entitled to recover a payment made pursuant to subsection (1)(a)(iii), (1)(b)(iii), or (1)(c)(ii) from the partner, shareholder, member, or other owner on whose behalf the payment was made.
(6) Following the department's notice to a pass-through entity that a nonresident individual or foreign C. corporation did not file a return or timely pay all taxes as provided in subsection (1), the pass-through entity must, with respect to any tax year thereafter for which the nonresident individual or foreign C. corporation is not included in the pass-through entity's composite return, remit the amount described in subsection (1)(a)(iii) for the nonresident individual and the amount described in subsection (1)(b)(iii) for the foreign C. corporation.
(7) (a) A publicly traded partnership described in 15-30-3302(4) that agrees to file an annual information return reporting the name, address, and taxpayer identification number for each person or entity that has an interest in the partnership that results in Montana source income or that has sold its interest in the partnership during the tax year is exempt from the composite return and withholding requirements of Title 15, chapter 30. A publicly traded partnership shall provide the department with the information in an electronic form that is capable of being sorted and exported. Compliance with this subsection (7)(a) does not relieve a person or entity from its obligation to pay Montana income taxes.
(b) A pass-through entity may be allowed a waiver of the provisions of subsection (1)(c) if one or more publicly traded partnerships has a direct or indirect majority interest in the income distributed by the pass-through entity. The pass-through entity shall apply to the department in writing for the waiver of the withholding requirements set forth in subsection (1)(c).
(c) Waivers issued by the department prior to January 1, 2016, to pass-through entities in which a publicly traded partnership has a direct or indirect majority interest will remain in effect in accordance with the law and rules in effect at the time the waiver was granted.
(d) The department shall adopt rules outlining the requirements for the waiver request.
(8) (a) A pass-through entity may be allowed a waiver of the provisions of subsection (1)(c) for any partner, shareholder, member, or other owner that is a domestic second-tier pass-through entity if:
(i) the pass-through entity files a statement setting forth the name, address, and social security number or federal identification number of each of the domestic second-tier pass-through entity's partners, shareholders, members, or other owners; and
(ii) the information establishes that the domestic second-tier pass-through entity's share of Montana source income should be fully accounted for in an income tax return required under Title 15, chapter 30 or 31.
(b) For purposes of this subsection (8), the following definitions apply:
(i) "Domestic C. corporation" is a corporation that is engaged in or doing business in the state, as provided in 15-31-101.
(ii) "Domestic second-tier pass-through entity" is a pass-through entity whose interest is entirely held, either directly or indirectly, by one or more resident individuals, domestic C. corporations, or any other entities, organizations, or accounts whose principal place of business or administration is located in the state of Montana or any combination of interests held by resident individuals, domestic C. corporations, or any other entities, organizations, or accounts whose principal place of business or administration is located in the state of Montana.
(c) Subsequent to the initial approval of a waiver, the department may revoke the waiver if it determines that the partner, shareholder, member, or other owner no longer qualifies.
(9) Nothing in this section may be construed as modifying the provisions of Article IV, subsection (13), of 15-1-601 and 15-31-312 allowing a taxpayer to petition for and the department to require methods to fairly represent the extent of the taxpayer's business activity in the state.
(10) The department may adopt rules to administer and enforce the provisions of this section.